30 BC |
Death of Cleopatra in Alexandria, Egypt |
44 BC |
Assassination of Julius Caesar |
259 BC |
Birth of Qin Shi Huang, first emperor of a unified China |
323 BC |
Death of Alexander the Great |
500-300 BC |
Classical Greece |
509-27 BC |
Roman Republic |
551 BC |
Birth of Confucius in China |
563 BC (Estimated) |
Birth of Buddha in India |
753 BC |
Founding of City of Rome |
970 BC |
Solomon succeeds David as King of Israel |
1200 BC |
Rise of Ancient Greece |
1342 BC |
Birth of Tutankhamun in Egypt |
2600-2500 BC |
Fourth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt: the pyramid-building age |
2850-2200 BC |
Building of Avebury Stone Circle |
3200 BC |
Ness of Brodgar on Orkney, Newgrange and Knowth in Ireland |
4000-1900 BC |
Sumerian civilisation in Mesopotamia (Assyrians, Akkadians, and Babylonians) |
4000 BC |
Horses domesticated on Eurasian steppes |
5500 BC |
Copper smelting in Europe |
9000 BC |
Permanent settlement at Jericho |
9000 BC |
Construction of ritual centre at Göbekli Tepe in Turkey |
9000 BC |
Advent of farming in Near East |
12,000 years ago |
End of last ice age in Europe and extinction of the mammoth |
16,000 years ago |
Homo sapiens in the Americas |
25,000-15,000 years ago |
Last ice age at maximum extent in Europe |
34,000 years ago |
Earliest Homo sapiens in British Isles, Paviland, South Wales |
60,000 years ago |
Homo sapiens in Australia |
80,000 years ago |
Homo sapiens migrate out of Africa into Europe and Asia |
300,000 years ago |
Homo neanderthalensis in Europe |
500,000 years ago |
Homo heidelbergensis in West Sussex, England |
950,000 years ago |
Homo antecessor in Norfolk, England |
2 million years ago |
Homo erectus in Africa |
3.7 million years ago |
Australopithecus afarensis in Africa |